Ocorrência e caracterização da tontura em idosos atendidos em uma Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) / Occurrence and characterization of dizziness in the elderly assisted in a Family Health Strategy (FHS) / Ocurrencia y caracterización de mareos en ancianos asistidos en una Estrategia de Salud Familiar (ESF)

Introdução: A tontura é vista como um dos sintomas mais comuns na população em geral, ocorrendo com maior incidência na população idosa que frequentemente apresenta distúrbios do equilíbrio e comprometimento do sistema vestibular. A caracterização de um grupo de idosos da região centro sul do estado do Paraná com relação à ocorrência de tontura tem sua importância a fim de viabilizar a promoção de ações que visem um cuidado ampliado a esta população por parte da Atenção Básica. Objetivo: caracterizar as relações da queixa de tontura, sua autopercepção dos efeitos incapacitantes, o auto relato de uso de medicamentos e ocorrência de quedas em idosos atendidos por uma equipe de Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: Setenta e cinco idosos de ambos os sexos foram questionados sobre presença de tontura; os que a referiram, foram submetidos ao Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) na versão brasileira e a um questionário para caracterização do sintoma. Resultados: Dos 75 idosos questionados, 42 (56,00%) relataram queixa de tontura, a média etária foi de 67,61±5,68 anos (média ± desvio padrão), sendo 25 (59,52%) do sexo feminino e 17 (40,48%) do masculino. O escore total médio do DHI foi de 12,52±6,80 pontos no domínio físico, de 11,90±7,93 pontos no domínio funcional, 9,33±8,25 pontos no domínio emocional e 33,67±21,05 pontos no domínio total. Conclusão: A tontura, caracterizada por impacto moderado, de tipo não rotatória, de persistência superior a 12 meses e associada com uso de polifármacos, foi um sintoma frequente na população idosa deste estudo, sobretudo no sexo feminino. A auto percepção de qualidade de vida indicou diminuição no domínio físico impactando negativamente nas atividades cotidianas.

Introduction: Dizziness is seen as one of the most common symptoms in the general population, occurring with a greater incidence in the elderly population, which frequently presents balance disorders and impaired vestibular systems. The characterization of a group of elderly people in the south central region of the Brazilian state of Paraná in relation to the occurrence of dizziness has its importance in order to enable a promotion of actions that aim an expanded care for this population by Primary Care. Objective: to characterize the relation between the dizziness complaints, their self-perception of the disabling effects, the self-report of medication use and the occurrence of falls in the elderly assisted by a Family Health Strategy team .Method: Seventy-five elderly people of both genders were asked about the presence of dizziness; those who reported it were submitted to the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) in the Brazilian version and a questionnaire to characterize the symptom. Results: In 75 elderly people questioned, 42 (56.00%) reported complaints of dizziness, the average age was 67.61 ± 5.68 years (mean ± standard deviation), 25 (59.52%) being female and 17 (40.48%) were male. The mean total DHI score was 12.52 ± 6.80 points in the physical domain, 11.90 ± 7.93 points in the functional domain, 9.33 ± 8.25 points in the emotional domain and 33.67 ± 21, 05 points in the total domain. Conclusion: Dizziness, characterized by moderate impact, of a non-rotating type, persisting for more than 12 months and associated with the use of polypharmaceuticals, was a frequent symptom in the elderly population of this study, especially in females. The self-perception of quality of life indicated a reduction in the physical domain, negatively impacting daily activities.

Introducción: Se considera que los mareos son uno de los síntomas más comunes en la población en general, y se producen con mayor incidencia en la población de edad avanzada, que con frecuencia presenta trastornos del equilibrio y deterioro del sistema vestibular. La caracterización de un grupo de ancianos de la región centro-sur del estado de Paraná en relación con la aparición de mareos, tiene su importancia para permitir la promoción de acciones encaminadas a una atención prolongada de esta población por parte de la Atención Básica. Objetivo: Caracterizar las relaciones de la queja de mareo, su autopercepción de los efectos incapacitantes, la auto información sobre el uso de medicamentos y la ocurrencia de caídas en ancianos atendidos por un equipo de Estrategia de Salud Familiar. Método: Se interrogó a 75 hombres y mujeres de edad avanzada sobre la presencia de mareo; los que lo mencionaron fueron sometidos al Inventario de Discapacidades por Mareos (DHI) en la versión brasileña y a un cuestionario para caracterizar el síntoma. Resultados: De los 75 ancianos interrogados, 42 (56,00%) informaron de mareos, la edad media fue de 67,61 ± 5,68 años (media ± desviación estándar), siendo 25 (59,52%) mujeres y 17 (40,48%) hombres. La media total de la puntuación del DHI fue de 12,52±6,80 puntos en el dominio físico, 11,90±7,93 puntos en el dominio funcional, 9,33±8,25 puntos en el dominio emocional y 33,67±21,05 puntos en el dominio total. Conclusión: El mareo, caracterizado por un impacto moderado, de tipo no rotacional, con persistencia superior a 12 meses y asociado al uso de poli farmacéuticos, fue un síntoma frecuente en la población de edad avanzada de este estudio, especialmente en las mujeres. La autopercepción de la calidad de vida indicaba una disminución del dominio físico, lo que afectaba negativamente a las actividades cotidianas.

Hearing Assessment of Neonates at Risk for Hearing Loss at a Hearing Health High Complexity Service: An Electrophysiological Assessment.

Introduction Hearing is the main sensory access in the first years of life. Therefore, early detection and intervention of hearing impairment must begin before the first year of age. Objective To analyze the results of the electrophysiological hearing assessment of children at risk for hearing loss as part of the newborn hearing screening (NHS). Methods This is a cross-sectional study held at a hearing health public service clinic located in Brazil, with 104 babies at risks factors for hearing loss referred by public hospitals. A questionnaire was applied to parents, and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was held, identifying those with alterations in the results. The outcome of the NHS was also analyzed regarding risk factor, gestational age and gender. Results Among the 104 subjects, most of them were male (53.85%), and the main risk factor found was the admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a period longer than 5 days (50.93%). Eighty-five (81.73%) subjects were screened by NHS at the maternity and 40% of them failed the test. Through the ABR test, 6 (5.77%) infants evidenced sensorineural hearing loss, 4 of them being diagnosed at 4 months, and 2 at 6 months of age; all of them failed the NHS and had family history and admission at NICU for over 5 days as the most prevalent hearing risks; in addition, family members of all children perceived their hearing impairment. Conclusion Advances could be observed regarding the age of the diagnosis after the implementation of the NHS held at the analyzed public service clinic.

Perception of the Quality of Life of Tobacco Growers Exposed to Pesticides: Emphasis on Health, Hearing, and Working Conditions

Abstract Introduction Tobacco farming exposes workers to various health risks due to the high application of pesticides needed to control pests, weeds and fungal diseases that prevent the tobacco plant growth. Objective To analyze the perception of the quality of life of tobacco growers exposed to pesticides, with emphasis on general health, hearing, and working conditions. Method This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach with farmers from southern Brazil. Data were collected from November of 2012 to November of 2014. For data collection, we opted for the 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) questionnaire, and a questionnaire with closed questions about health, hearing and working conditions. We evaluated a total of 78 subjects; the study group, made up of 40 tobacco farmers exposed to pesticides, and a control group of 38 participants without occupational exposure to pesticides. Both groups are residents of the same municipality, and users of the federal public health system. Results The results showed that tobacco growers had lower quality of life scores compared with the control group. Significant differences were observed in the areas of pain and general health. There were correlations between physical elements and chronic diseases; hearing complaints and a lack of personal protective equipment use, occupation and hearing complaints, as well as general health and hearing complaints. Conclusion Tobacco farming is a risky activity for general and hearing health, and it can impact the quality of life of those working in this field. (AU)

Perception of the Quality of Life of Tobacco Growers Exposed to Pesticides: Emphasis on Health, Hearing, and Working Conditions.

Introduction Tobacco farming exposes workers to various health risks due to the high application of pesticides needed to control pests, weeds and fungal diseases that prevent the tobacco plant growth. Objective To analyze the perception of the quality of life of tobacco growers exposed to pesticides, with emphasis on general health, hearing, and working conditions. Method This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study using a quantitative approach with farmers from southern Brazil. Data were collected from November of 2012 to November of 2014. For data collection, we opted for the 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) questionnaire, and a questionnaire with closed questions about health, hearing and working conditions. We evaluated a total of 78 subjects; the study group, made up of 40 tobacco farmers exposed to pesticides, and a control group of 38 participants without occupational exposure to pesticides. Both groups are residents of the same municipality, and users of the federal public health system. Results The results showed that tobacco growers had lower quality of life scores compared with the control group. Significant differences were observed in the areas of pain and general health. There were correlations between physical elements and chronic diseases; hearing complaints and a lack of personal protective equipment use, occupation and hearing complaints, as well as general health and hearing complaints. Conclusion Tobacco farming is a risky activity for general and hearing health, and it can impact the quality of life of those working in this field.

Hearing assessment of neonates at risk for hearing loss at a hearing health high complexity service: an electrophysiological assessment

Introduction: Hearing is the main sensory access in the first years of life. Therefore, early detection and intervention of hearing impairment must begin before the first year of age. Objective: To analyze the results of the electrophysiological hearing assessment of children at risk for hearing loss as part of the newborn hearing screening (NHS). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study held at a hearing health public service clinic located in Brazil, with 104 babies at risks factors for hearing loss referred by public hospitals. A questionnaire was applied to parents, and the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test was held, identifying those with alterations in the results. The outcome of the NHS was also analyzed regarding risk factor, gestational age and gender. Results: Among the 104 subjects,most of them weremale (53.85%), and the main risk factor found was the admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for a period longer than 5 days (50.93%). Eighty-five (81.73%) subjects were screened by NHS at the maternity and 40% of them failed the test. Through the ABR test, 6 (5.77%) infants evidenced sensorineural hearing loss, 4 of them being diagnosed at 4months, and 2 at 6 months of age; all of them failed the NHS and had family history and admission atNICU for over 5 days as themost prevalent hearing risks; in addition, familymembers ofall children perceived their hearing impairment. Conclusion: Advances could be observed regarding the age of the diagnosis after the implementation of the NHS held at the analyzed public service clinic (AU)

Music students: conventional hearing thresholds and at high frequencies.

INTRODUCTION: Research has shown that hearing loss in musicians may cause difficulty in timbre recognition and tuning of instruments. AIM: To analyze the hearing thresholds from 250 Hz to 16,000 Hz in a group of music students and compare them to a non-musician group in order to determine whether high-frequency audiometry is a useful tool in the early detection of hearing impairment. METHODS: Study design was a retrospective observational cohort. Conventional and high-frequency audiometry was performed in 42 music students (Madsen Itera II audiometer and TDH39P headphones for conventional audiometry, and HDA 200 headphones for high-frequency audiometry). RESULTS: Of the 42 students, 38.1% were female students and 61.9% were male students, with a mean age of 26 years. At conventional audiometry, 92.85% had hearing thresholds within normal limits; but even within the normal limits, the worst results were observed in the left ear for all frequencies, except for 4000 Hz; compared to the non-musician group, the worst results occurred at 500 Hz in the left ear, and at 250 Hz, 6000 Hz, 9000 Hz, 10,000 Hz, and 11,200 Hz in both the ears. CONCLUSION: The periodic evaluation of high-frequency thresholds may be useful in the early detection of hearing loss in musicians.

Music students: conventional hearing thresholds and at high frequencies / Estudantes de música: limiares auditivos convencionais e em altas frequências

INTRODUCTION: Research has shown that hearing loss in musicians may cause difficulty in timbre recognition and tuning of instruments. AIM: To analyze the hearing thresholds from 250 Hz to 16,000 Hz in a group of music students and compare them to a non-musician group in order to determine whether high-frequency audiometry is a useful tool in the early detection of hearing impairment. METHODS: Study design was a retrospective observational cohort. Conventional and high-frequency audiometry was performed in 42 music students (Madsen Itera II audiometer and TDH39P headphones for conventional audiometry, and HDA 200 headphones for high-frequency audiometry). RESULTS: Of the 42 students, 38.1% were female students and 61.9% were male students, with a mean age of 26 years. At conventional audiometry, 92.85% had hearing thresholds within normal limits; but even within the normal limits, the worst results were observed in the left ear for all frequencies, except for 4000 Hz; compared to the non-musician group, the worst results occurred at 500 Hz in the left ear, and at 250 Hz, 6000 Hz, 9000 Hz, 10,000 Hz, and 11,200 Hz in both the ears. CONCLUSION: The periodic evaluation of high-frequency thresholds may be useful in the early detection of hearing loss in musicians. .

INTRODUÇÃO: Pesquisas comprovam que a perda auditiva em músicos pode gerar dificuldade no reconhecimento de timbres e na afinação dos instrumentos. OBJETIVO: Analisar os limiares auditivos de 250 Hz a 16.000 Hz de um grupo de estudantes de música e compará-los a um grupo de não músicos para determinar se a audiometria de altas frequências é um recurso útil na detecção precoce da deficiência auditiva. MÉTODO: Forma de estudo: observacional, de coorte, retrospectivo. Realizou-se audiometria convencional e de altas frequências em 42 estudantes de música (audiômetro Madsen Itera II, fones TDH39P para a audiometria convencional e HDA 200 para audiometria de altas frequências). RESULTADOS: Dos 42 estudantes, 38,10% eram do gênero feminino e 61,9% do gênero masculino, com média de 26 anos; na audiometria convencional 92,85% apresentaram limiares auditivos dentro dos padrões de normalidade; mesmo dentro da normalidade, piores resultados ocorreram na orelha esquerda para todas as frequências, excetuando-se 4000 Hz; quando comparado ao grupo de não músicos os piores resultados ocorreram em 500 Hz na orelha esquerda e 250 Hz, 6000 Hz, 9000 Hz, 10.000 Hz e 11.200 Hz em ambas as orelhas. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação dos limiares de altas frequências de forma periódica pode ser útil na detecção precoce da deficiência auditiva em músicos. .

A inclusão do aluno surdo no ensino médio e ensino profissionalizante: um olhar para os discursos dos educadores / The inclusion of deaf students in high school and vocational education: looking at teacher discourse

O objetivo desse trabalho foi investigar, a partir do olhar da equipe educacional, as práticas pedagógicas no Ensino Médio e Ensino Profissionalizante quando tem em sala de aula alunos surdos. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo qualitativa e a coleta de informações ocorreu a partir de uma entrevista não estruturada com dois professores, dois pedagogos e um intérprete de Libras que atuam na educação de três alunos surdos do ensino regular. A pesquisa foi realizada em uma escola estadual, considerada referência para educação de surdos, de uma cidade de médio porte do interior do Paraná. O conjunto de dados foi dividido em eixos temáticos e analisados a partir do conteúdo. Os eixos temáticos norteadores da discussão são: aspectos positivos e negativos - inclusão do aluno surdo no ensino regular; metodologias de ensino usadas em sala de aula com o aluno surdo; o intérprete de Libras na escola regular. Conclui-se que a inclusão do aluno surdo está sendo realizada, mas que essa inclusão não está garantindo o acesso às aprendizagens, pois há dificuldades de comunicação entre professor e aluno surdo, falta de conhecimento sobre a surdez e adaptações metodológicas isoladas na sala de aula. Espera-se que esse estudo movimente discussões acerca da inclusão do aluno surdo no ensino regular, possibilitando a essa população um ensino que respeite a peculiaridade da surdez e dê condições para que esses sujeitos se desenvolvam e participem efetivamente do meio social em que vivem.

The aim of this study was to investigate teaching practices, from the perspective of the educational team, in high school and vocational education when there are deaf students in the classroom. We conducted a qualitative field study; data collection occurred using an unstructured interview with two classroom teachers, two pedagogues and one Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) interpreter who work with three deaf students in regular education. The survey was conducted in a state school that is considered a reference in deaf education, in a medium sized city in a rural part of the state of Paraná. The dataset was divided into themes and analyzed according to content. The categorical topics under discussion were positive and negative aspects - inclusion of deaf students in regular education, teaching methodologies used in the classroom with deaf students, the Libras interpreter in regular schools. We concluded that even though the inclusion of deaf students is being carried out, access to learning is not necessarily being ensured. The reasons for this include communication difficulties between teachers and deaf students, lack of understanding about deafness and the application of isolated methodological adaptations isolated in the classroom. We hope this study will instigate further discussions about the inclusion of deaf students in regular education, enabling this group to partake in an educational experience that respects the uniqueness of deafness, and that offers them the necessary conditions to fully engage in the social community in which they live.